Harness clip structure

ABSTRACT

A clip body ( 11 ) of a harness clip member ( 10 ) is provided with a stem ( 14 ) which integrally projects from a lower face of an umbrella-like flange ( 13 ), and a pair of left and right elastic locking pieces ( 15, 15 ) formed on a tip end of the stem ( 14 ). A band connecting section ( 16 ) including a gate-like frame member where the band member ( 12 ) is inserted through has a pair of left and right side parts ( 16   a   , 16   b ), and an upper part ( 16   c ) which connects the side parts ( 16   a   , 16   b ). In one of the side parts ( 16   b ), wedge-like notches ( 16   d   , 16   d ) are formed at a symmetric position where tip ends ( 16   e   , 16   e ) are opposed to each other such that lateral widthwise direction size of the side part ( 16   b ) is reduced. A narrow weak section ( 19 ) is provided between these tip ends ( 16   e   , 16   e ).

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a harness clip structure which ismainly used for fixing a wire harness used for an automobile and whichcan easily be dismantled.

BACKGROUND ART

Conventionally, a harness clip structure as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 isknown (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2001-84843, inparticular, paragraphs 0010 to 0018 and FIG. 3).

First, a structure of the conventional harness clip structure will bedescribed. In the conventional harness clip structure, a steeringmember' 1 extending along a widthwise direction of a vehicle is providedin an instrument panel mounted in front of a driver's seat of thevehicle.

A wire harness member 2 extends in the instrument panel along alongitudinal direction of the steering member 1.

In the wire harness member 2, a plurality of harness clip members 3 isused. The wire harness member 2 is fixed to a vehicle body-side fixinghole 5 provided on a vehicle body-side panel member 4 or the steeringmember 1 at a plurality of locations.

The harness clip member 2 mainly includes long bands 3 a and 3 a woundaround and tied to the wire harness member 2, a stem 3 b insertedthrough vehicle body-side fixing holes 5 and 5 and fixed thereto so asto be incapable of being pulled out from the holes, thereby mounting thewire harness member 2 on the vehicle body side, and a pair of lockingblades 3 f and 3 f projecting from tip end of the stem 3 b such that thelocking blades 3 f and 3 f can be elastically deformed.

A plate-like mounting plate body 3 c is integrally formed on the stem 3b of the harness clip member 2, the bands 3 a and 3 a are used and themounting plate body 3 c is tied to a main trunk 2 a of the wire harnessmember 2.

Next, actions of this conventional harness clip structure will bedescribed.

In the conventional harness clip structure having the structure asdescribed above, when the vehicle is assembled, the bands 3 a and 3 aare used, the stem 3 b tied to the main trunk 2 a of the wire harnessmember 2 is inserted into and fixed to the vehicle body-side fixing hole5, thereby mounting the wire harness member 2 on the vehicle body side.

When the vehicle is dismantled, a part of the wire harness member 2 suchas the main trunk 2 a is hooked using a hooking member or the like, andthe portion is separated from the vehicle body-side panel member 4 andthe like as shown with a two-dot chain line in FIG. 18.

The stem 3 b is ruptured or the locking blades 3 f and 3 f are broken,and the wire harness member 2 is separated from the vehicle body-sidepanel member 4 and the like.

FIG. 19 shows another conventional harness clip structure (see JapanesePatent Application Laid-open No. H11-215667, in particular, paragraphs0010 to 0017 and FIG. 2).

According to this harness clip structure, a fitting hole 3 d is formedin an upper portion of the stem 3 b, and an engagement projection 3 ewhich is fitted into the fitting hole 3 d is integrally formed on theband 3 a.

According to this conventional harness clip structure having such astructure as described above, when the vehicle is dismantled, theengagement projection 3 e is detached from the fitting hole 3 d, and thewire harness member 2 can easily be separated from the vehicle body-sidepanel member 4 and the like.

FIG. 20 shows still another conventional harness clip structure (seeJapanese Patent Application Laid-open No. H11-205967, in particular,paragraphs 0010 to 0016 and FIG. 1).

According to this harness clip structure, a mounting plate body 3 cformed on an upper portion of a stem 3 b is locked to a peripheral edgeof a back portion 3 i of an incision groove 3 h formed in a band 3 g,and the band 3 g and a pair of locking blades 3 f and 3 f projectingfrom a tip end of the stem 3 b so as to be able to be elasticallydeformed are integrally formed as one piece, so that a wire harnessmember 2 bundled by the band 3 g is fixed to the vehicle body-side panelmember 4.

According to this conventional harness clip structure having such astructure as described above, when the vehicle is dismantled, theengagement projection stem 3 b is detached from the incision groove 3 h,and the lock by the mounting plate body 3 c is released, such that thewire harness member 2 can easily be separated from the vehicle body-sidepanel member 4 and the like.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problem to be Solved by the Invention

According to the conventional harness clip structures as describedabove, however, when a vehicle is dismantled, as indicated by a two-dotchain line in FIG. 18, the stem 3 b is ruptured or the locking blades 3f and 3 f are broken depending upon balance between a size of thevehicle body-side fixing hole 5 and the strengths of the stem 3 b andthe locking blades 3 f and 3 f, and the wire harness member 2 isseparated from the vehicle body-side panel member 4 and the like.

Therefore, the locking blades 3 f and 3 f which are liable to beruptured from the stem 3 b drop on a side of a back surface of thevehicle body-side panel member 4 or remains in a hollow portion of thesteering member 1.

According to the conventional harness clip structures, when the vehicleis dismantled, if the direction in which the engagement projection 3 eis detached from the fitting hole 3 d is not vertical but diagonal, thepulling-out force is not effectively applied, and the wire harnessmember 2 is liable to be incapable of being easily separated.

In particular, according to the conventional harness clip structureshown in FIG. 20, a force required for detaching the stem 3 b from theincision groove 3 h is largely different from the opening direction ofthe incision groove 3 h and the direction of the back portion 3 ilocated in the opposite direction.

Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a desireddismantling performance.

Hence, it is an object of the present invention to provide a harnessclip structure that can easily be dismantled irrespective of thedirection on which the pulling-out force acts.

Means for Solving the Problem

To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present inventionprovides a harness clip structure comprising a long flexible band whichis wound around and tied to a wire harness, and a stem which is insertedthrough a vehicle body-side fixing hole and which mounts the wireharness on a vehicle body side, wherein the harness clip structurefurther includes a gate-like band connecting section which is integrallyprovided on the stem and through which the band is inserted, and a weaksection is formed on at least a part of the band connecting section.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a mariner that aframe member is ruptured and a clip body and a band member are separatedfrom each other in a harness clip structure of the best mode forcarrying out the invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the clip body in the harness clip structure ofan embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the clip body in the harness clipstructure of the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the clip body in the harness clip structure ofthe embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a front view illustrating the entire structure in which aharness clip is mounted on a wire harness member in the harness clipstructure of the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view illustrating the entire structure in whichthe harness clip is mounted on the wire harness member in the harnessclip structure of the embodiment taken along a line A-A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the clip body in the harness clipstructure of an example 1 of the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a clip body in a harness clip structureof an example 2 of the embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a front view of the clip body in the harness clip structure ofthe example 2 of the embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the harness clip in the harness clipstructure of the example 2 of the embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a clip body in a harness clip structureof an example 3 of the embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a front view of a harness clip in a harness clip structure ofthe example 3 of the embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a top plan view of the harness clip in the harness clipstructure of the example 3 of the embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a clip body in a harness clip structureof an example 4 of the embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a front view of the clip body in the harness clip structureof the example 4 of the embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a top plan view of the clip body in the harness clipstructure of the example 4 of the embodiment;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating the entire structure in whicha harness clip is mounted on a wire harness member in a conventionalharness clip structure;

FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along a line B-B in FIG. 17illustrating a manner that the conventional harness clip structure isdismantled from a state where the wire harness member is mounted on avehicle body panel member using the harness clip member;

FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view illustrating anotherconventional harness clip structure; and

FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view illustrating still anotherconventional harness clip structure.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Next, the best mode of a harness clip structure of the present inventionwill be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In an embodiment and examples described below, the same members as thoseof the conventional techniques are assigned the same reference numerals.

FIGS. 1 to 16 show a harness clip structure according to an embodimentfor carrying out the invention.

First, the entire structure will be described. According to the harnessclip structure of the embodiment, a steering member extending along awidthwise direction of a vehicle is provided in an instrument panel (notshown) mounted in front of a driver's seat of the vehicle.

A wire harness member 2 extends in the instrument panel along thelongitudinal direction of the steering member.

A plurality of harness clip members 10 are used in the wire harnessmember 2, and the wire harness member 2 is fixed to a vehicle body-sidefixing hole 5 formed in the vehicle body-side panel member 4 or thesteering member at a plurality of locations of the wire harness member2.

The harness clip member 10 includes a clip body 11 and a band member 12as a band.

The clip body 11 is provided with a stem 14 which integrally projectsfrom a lower face of an umbrella-like flange 13, and a pair of left andright elastic locking pieces 15 and 15 formed on a tip end of the stem14.

A band connecting section 16 comprising a gate-like frame member isprovided on an upper side of the flange 13 of the clip body 11 such thatthe band connecting section 16 is integrally formed on the stem 14through the flange 13. The band connecting section 16 is insertedthrough the band member 12.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the band connecting section 16 includes apair of left and right side parts 16 a and 16 b, and an upper part 16which connects the side parts 16 a and 16 b. The band connecting section16 is provided with a frame member which surrounds an opening 16 gthrough which the band member 12 is inserted.

In this configuration, one of the side parts 16 b is formed withwedge-like notches 16 d and 16 d at a symmetric position where tip ends16 e and 16 e are opposed to each other such that lateral widthwisedirection size of the side part 16 b is reduced. A narrow weak section19 is provided between the tip ends 16 e and 16 e.

In this embodiment, a semi-spherical band sliding part 16 f integrallyformed to project from an inner face of the upper part 16 c.

The band member 12 in the embodiment has a band body 17 arranged suchthat a plurality of engagement grooves 17 a intersecting orthogonallywith the band body 17 in the longitudinal direction.

As shown in FIG. 6, the band body 17 is provided at its one end with anengagement hole 18. The band body 17 is inserted through the engagementhole 18 and a locking pawl 18 a formed on an inner face is locked to oneof the engagement grooves 17 a, thereby limiting a movement in thepulling-out direction.

Next, function and effect of the harness clip structure of the aboveembodiment will be described.

According to this harness clip structure, the band body 17 of the bandmember 12 is inserted through the opening 16 g formed in the bandconnecting section 16 of the clip body 11, the band body 17 is woundaround the wire harness member 2 as shown in FIG. 5 or 6, and the tipend of the band body 17 is inserted through the engagement hole 18formed in the one end.

At this time, the band body 17 is slidable in the longitudinal directionwith respect to the opening 16 g of the band connecting section 16.Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the engagement groove 17 a of theinserted band body 17 is locked by the locking pawl 18 a of theengagement hole 18 at a location opposite to the clip body 11 withrespect to the wire harness member 2, and the wire harness member 2 canbe bundled.

A bundling operation by the engagement hole 18 can be carried out at anarbitrary position on a circumference of the wire harness member 2.Therefore, an excellent operability can be obtained irrespective of amounting location of the wire harness member 2.

Further, in this embodiment, the semi-spherical band sliding part 16 fwhich is integrally formed to project from the inner face of the upperpart 16 c is in contact with an inner face of the band body 17 as shownin FIG. 6, a smooth sliding movement is enabled.

As shown in FIG. 1, the stem 14 is inserted into the fixing hole 5formed in the vehicle body-side panel member 4, the elastic lockingpieces 15 and 15 are locked to a peripheral edge of the fixing hole 5,and the vehicle body-side panel member 4 is nipped between the flange 13and the tip ends of the elastic locking pieces 15 and 15.

Therefore, when the vehicle is assembled, it is possible to easily mountthe wire harness member 2 on a desired position of the vehicle body-sidepanel member 4.

Next, when the vehicle is dismantled, like a conventional techniqueshown in FIG. 14, a part of the wire harness member 2 such as the maintrunk 2 a is hooked on a hook member or the like, and the entire wireharness member 2 can be separated from the vehicle body-side panelmember 4 and the like.

In this case, a narrow portion as the weak section 19 formed between thetip ends 16 e and 16 e of the notches 16 d and 16 d on the side part 16b of the band connecting section 16 is broken as indicated by a solidline in FIG. 1 by a force separating the wire harness member 2 from thevehicle body.

The band body 17 is, thus, separated from the opening 16 g, and the bandmember 12 and the clip body 11 provided with the stem 14 can easily beseparated from each other.

A force applied to the weak section 19 between the tip ends 16 e and 16e, in a case where the wire harness member 2 is pulled out, even if theforce is applied from any directions to the weak section 19, always actsas a force which ruptures the weak section 19. Therefore, it is possibleto easily break the band connecting section 16 at the weak section 19.

Therefore, the structure can easily be dismantled by a simpledismantling operation, i.e., by hooking the wire harness member 2 usinga hook or the like and lifting up the wire harness member 2.

The stem 14 reliably remains in a state where the stem 14 is insertedthrough the fixing hole 5 of the vehicle body-side panel member 4without dropping off unlike the conventional technique.

This allows reduction of labor such as searching of remaining parts,which also achieves an excellent dismantling performance.

The weak section 19 can easily be configured only by forming the pair ofwedge-like notches 16 d and 16 d so as to be opposed in the side part 16b and the tip ends 16 e and 16 e are made close to each other.Therefore, the number of parts is not increased and the structure doesnot become complicated.

It is only necessary that the band member can be inserted through theopening 16 g. Thus, a general band member can be used.

Therefore, it is possible to restrain the manufacturing cost fromincreasing.

EXAMPLES Example 1

Next, examples for carrying out the aforementioned embodiment will bedescribed. FIG. 7 shows a harness clip structure of an example 1, whichis a concrete example of the embodiment of the invention.

The same members as those of the embodiment are assigned with the samereference numerals, and different portions will be described mainly.

A band connecting section 26 provided with a weak section 29 isintegrally formed on a clip body 21 comprising the harness clip of theexample 1.

As shown in FIG. 7, the band connecting section 26 includes a pair ofleft and right side parts 26 a and 26 b, and an upper part 26 cconnecting the side parts 26 a and 26 b. A gate-like frame member isconfigured such as to surround an opening 26 g through which the bandmember 12 is inserted.

The weak section 29 is located at a connecting portion between the sidepart 16 b and the upper part 26 c. The weak section 29 has a wedge-likeinner notch 26 d and an outer notch 26 e, and tip ends 26 f 1 and 26 f 2are notched up to a position where the tip ends 26 f 1 and 26 f 2 aresuperposed on each other as viewed from above such that a size of theweak section 29 in the thickness direction of the side part 16 b issmall, thereby forming a thin section 26 h which is located diagonally.

Next, function and effect of the example 1 will be described.

According to the harness clip structure of the example 1 having thestructure described above, if a force separating the wire harness member2 from the vehicle body is applied to a direction of an outlined arrowin FIG. 7, a diagonal direction or a perpendicular direction to thedirection of the outlined arrow, the thin section 26 h is stretched andruptured.

The band body 17 is disengaged from inside the opening 26 g, and theband member 12 and the clip body 21 provided with the stem 14 can easilybe separated from each other.

A force applied to the weak section 29 comprising the thin section 26 hbetween the tip ends 26 f 1 and 26 f 2, in a case where the wire harnessmember 2 is pulled out, even if the force is applied from any directionsto the weak section 29, always acts as a force which ruptures the weaksection 29. Therefore, it is possible to easily break the bandconnecting section 26 at the weak section 29.

Therefore, the structure can easily be dismantled by a simpledismantling operation, i.e., by hooking the wire harness member 2 usinga hook or the like and lifting up the wire harness member 2.

Since other structure and the function and effect are almost the same asthose of the embodiment, description thereof will not be repeated here.

Example 2

FIGS. 8 to 10 show a harness clip structure of an example 2 of theinvention.

The same members as those of the embodiment are assigned with the samereference numerals, and different portions will be described mainly.

A band connecting section 36 provided with a weak section 39 isintegrally formed on a clip body 31 comprising the harness clip of theexample 2.

As shown in FIG. 8, the band connecting section 36 includes a pair ofleft and right side parts 36 a and 36 a, and an upper side 36 b whichconnects the side parts 36 a and 36 a and which is narrower than theside parts 36 a and 36 a, and a substantially gate-like frame member isconfigured such as to surround an opening 36 c through which the bandmember 12 is inserted.

The upper part 36 b is provided with a weak section 39 located at aconnecting portion near the side part 36 a.

An inner face of the weak section 39 is recessed, a thickness in innerand outer direction of the face which are the vertical direction is setsmaller than a thickness size of the other upper part, thereby formingthe frame-shaped thin section 39 a.

Next, function and effect of the example 2 will be described.

According to the harness clip structure of the example 2, if a forceseparating the wire harness member 2 from the vehicle body is applied inany directions, stress is concentrated on the thin section 39 a formedin the upper part 36 b as a narrow portion, and this portion isruptured.

Thus, the band body 17 is disengaged from the opening 36 c, and the bandmember 12 and the clip body 31 provided with the stem 14 can easily beseparated.

Since other structure and the function and effect are almost the same asthose of the example 1, description thereof will not be repeated here.

Example 3

FIGS. 11 to 13 show a harness clip structure of an example 3 of theinvention.

The same members as those of the embodiment are assigned with the samereference numerals, and different portions will be described mainly.

A band connecting section 46 provided with a weak section 49 isintegrally formed on a clip body 41 comprising the harness clip of theexample 3.

As shown in FIG. 11, the band connecting section 46 includes a pair ofleft and right side parts 46 a and 46 a, and an upper part 46 b whichconnects the side parts 46 a and 46 a and which is narrower than theside parts 46 a and 46 a, and a substantially gate-like frame member isconfigured such as to surround an opening 46 c through which the bandmember 12 is inserted.

The upper part 46 b is provided with the weak section 49 whose crosssection is gradually reduced toward a connecting portion near one of theside parts 46 a.

The weak section 49 includes a diameter-reducing section 49 a which isreduced in thickness and width toward the side part 46 a from a positionof the upper part 46 b near the side part 46 a.

Next, function and effect of the example 3 will be described.

According to the harness clip structure of the example 4, if a forceseparating the wire harness member 2 from the vehicle body is applied inany directions, stress is concentrated on the diameter-reducing section49 a, and the frame member is ruptured from the position where thediameter-reducing section 49 a is formed.

Therefore, the band body 17 is disengaged from the opening 46 c and theband member 12 and the clip body 41 provided with the stem 14 can easilybe separated from each other.

Since other structure and the function and effect are almost the same asthose of the embodiment and the examples 1 and 2, description thereofwill not be repeated here.

Example 4

FIGS. 14 to 16 show a harness clip structure of an example 4 of theinvention.

The same members as those of the embodiment and the examples 1 to 3 areassigned with the same reference numerals, and different portions willbe described mainly.

A clip body 51 comprises the harness clip of the example 4. As shown inFIG. 16, the clip body 51 is provided with a′pair of weak sections 59and 59 on diagonal lines as viewed from above on the band connectingsection 56.

That is, the band connecting section 56 of the clip body 51 of theexample 4 includes a pair of left and right side parts 56 a and 56 a,and an upper part 56 b which connects the side parts 56 a and 56 a andwhich is narrower than the side parts 56 a and 56 a. A substantiallygate-like frame member is configured such as to surround an opening 56 cthrough which the band member 12 is inserted.

The upper part 56 b is provided with the weak sections 59 and 59 whosecross sections are gradually reduced toward a connecting portion nearthe side parts 56 a and 56 a.

The weak sections 59 and 59 are formed with a pair of notches 59 a and59 a located on diagonal lines along the side parts 56 a and 56 a of theupper part 56 b such that wedge-like tip ends are oriented in oppositedirections.

Thin sections 59 b and 59 b are continuously formed from wedge-like tipends of the notches 59 a and 59 and at both ends of the upper part 56 bin the weak sections 59 and 59. The thin sections 59 and 59 are formedsuch that a lower surface side of the upper part 56 b are scraped and athickness of the thin sections 59 and 59 are thinner than that of theupper part 56 b.

Next, function and effect of the example 4 will be described.

According to the harness clip member of the example 4, as shown in FIG.16, the weak sections 59 and 59 formed in the band connecting section 56of the clip body 51 have the pair of notches 59 a and 59 a located onthe diagonal lines as viewed from above on the upper part 56 b havingthe band connecting section 56.

The thin sections 59 b and 59 b of the weak sections 59 and 59 of theexample 4 are continuously formed from the wedge-like tip ends of thenotches 56 a and 56 a. Therefore, a force in the direction spreading andopening the notches 56 a and 56 a is concentrated on the thin sections59 b from the wedge-like tip ends, and the structure can easily beruptured.

Further, the notches 56 a and 56 a are formed such that the tip ends areoriented in the opposite directions.

Therefore, even if one of the weak sections 59 and 59 is not easilyruptured by the force separating the wire harness member 2 from thevehicle body, the other weak section 59 located on the opposite side onthe diagonal line is ruptured, and the band member 12 and the clip body51 provided with the stem 14 can easily be separated from each other.

Therefore, a freedom degree of directional property of the clip body 51when the wire harness member 2 is fixed can be enhanced, and anassembling operation can be carried out easily.

More specifically, the upper part 56 b facing the notches 56 a and 56 ais rolled up. That is, a force in a pulling-up direction applied fromthe band body 17 is applied, in advance, to corners 16 h and 16 h formedwith the notches 56 a and 56 a of the upper part 56 b in FIG. 16.

The pulling-up force from the band body 17 is firstly applied to thecorresponding corner 16 h of the upper part 56 b facing one of thenotches 56 a. Therefore, this corner 16 h is rolled up upward from belowwhile deforming such that the upper face 56 b is lifted.

Therefore, a spreading and opening force in the pulling-up direction isintensively applied from a position close to the corner 16 h of the thinsection 59 b of one of the notches 56 a, and the structure can easily beruptured.

Since other structure and the function and effect are almost the same asthose of the embodiment and the examples 1 to 3, description thereofwill not be repeated here.

The embodiment and the examples of the present invention have beendescribed above in detail with reference to the drawings. However, theinvention is not limited to the embodiment and the examples, and designmodifications in a range not departing from the subject matter of theinvention are included in the invention.

That is, although the pair of left and right elastic locking pieces 15and 15 are integrally formed on the stem 14, the invention is notlimited to this, a plurality of stages of elastic locking pieces 15 maybe integrally formed along the axial direction of the stem 14, and theshape, the number and material of the stem 14 and the elastic lockingpieces 15 are not especially limited.

1. A harness clip structure comprising: a long flexible band which iswound around and tied to a wire harness; and a stem which is insertedthrough a vehicle body-side fixing hole and which mounts the wireharness on a vehicle body side, wherein the harness clip structurefurther includes a gate-like band connecting section which is integrallyprovided on the stem and through which the band is inserted, and a weaksection is formed on at least a part of the band connecting section. 2.The harness clip structure according to claim 1, wherein the weaksection includes an incision formed in a frame member comprising theband connecting section.
 3. The harness clip structure according toclaim 1, wherein the weak section includes a thin section formed on aframe member comprising the band connecting section.
 4. The harness clipstructure according to claim 2, wherein the weak section includes a thinsection formed on the frame member comprising the band connectingsection.
 5. The harness clip structure according to claim 1, wherein theweak section includes a narrow portion formed on a frame member of theband connecting section.
 6. The harness clip structure according toclaim 1, wherein a part of a frame member of the weak section of theband connecting section includes a thin and narrow diameter-reducingsection.
 7. The harness clip structure according to claim 1, wherein theweak section is located on a diagonal line as viewed from above the bandconnecting section.